Key words
topography, landsurvey, geodesy, planimetry, altimetry
Objectives
1. Pursuing a thorough study of the following disciplines in land surveying: altimetry, telemetry and goniometry (vertical and horizontal angles);
2. Developing skills concerning the adjustment, the set-up and the use of topographic instruments for applications in Road & Bridge Design, Building, Construction and Environmental Design;
3. Acquiring insight into the accuracy to be expected in relation to the selected measuring instrument and surveying method.
Topics
A. THEORY
I. INTRODUCTION - GENERALITIES - TERMINOLOGY: topography, geodesy, photogrammetry, photo-interpretation, cartography.
II. FAULT ANALYSIS: fault sources, random error, distribution, fault criterion, simple and compound perception, ponderation.
III. MEASURING METHODS AND ADJUSTMENT METHODS:
1. PLANIMETRY: Principles, fundamental formulae, influence of the curvature of the earth, adjustment techniques, conditions of applicability; Triangulation, polygonation, intersection and resection problems, polar and rectangular co-ordinates, Belgian plane geometry system.
2. ALTIMETRY - LEVELLING: Levelling-instruments: Essential components, different types, set-up and adjustment; Geometric(al) and trigonometric(al) levelling, accuracy; Belgian levelling system; Barometric altimetry.
3. GONIOMETRY: Goniometric instruments: Components, different types, set-up and adjustment. Reiteration and repetitionmethods for the measurement of horizontal angles: procedures and registration, tolerance, fault analysis and adjustment. Bessel.
IV. SECONDARY INSTRUMENTS AND DEVICES.
V. RECENT DEVELOPMENT IN TECHNOLOGY .
B. PRACTICE
Exercises on goniometry, levelling and distance measurement.
Fieldwork on groundsurvey: processing of the measuring-data, fault analysis and adjustment, topographical sketch.
Prerequisites
Final objectives of secondary education, i.e. knowledge of basic formulae of plane geometry.
Final Objectives
General scientific competences: The student must be able to apply insight in basic concepts of plane geometry into relevant problems of ground survey.
General technical competences: The student must be able to perform simple topographic tasks (observations, measurements and processing) independently.
Specific competences: The student must be able to set up, adjust and use topographic instruments and devices in an adequate way for measuring purpose.
Materials used
A. THEORY
- Teacher's course;
- handbook: Alberda, J.E. (1998), Inleiding Landmeetkunde, Delft University Press, Delft;
- handbook: Jonkers, R., Praktisch Landmeten, Waltman, Delft.
B. PRACTICE:
- Manual to the instruments;
- Syllabus: "Topografisch materieel en grondbeginselen van de terreinmeting".
Study costs
Teacher's course (theory) and syllabus (practice): about €10.
Study guidance
1. Guidance and coaching by lecturer and assistants: possibility to obtain individual explanation in case of any problem;
2. E-learning platform: Students can visit an electronic workspace for syllabus, supplementary courseware and possible examination questions.
Teaching Methods
Lectures; Workshops; Fieldwork: practice of groundsurveying.
Assessment
Theory: oral examination: 75 %;
Practice: permanent evaluation; written group reports for the exercises and the fieldwork (including the evaluation of the individual contribution); oral reports: 25 %.
However, if a student gains a score of 7 or less on 20 on one of the different courses (parts of training items), he proves that his skill for certain subcompetencies is insufficient. Consequently, one can turn from the arithmetical calculation of the final assignment of quotas of a training item and the new marks can be awarded on consensus. Of course the examiners can judge that the arithmetic regulations mentioned in the study index card can also be used for 7 or less.
For each deviation a detailed motivation ought to be drawn up. In that case one should point out that the skill for this subcompetency is proven to be insufficient, if the student didn’t pass the partim that is considered to be important for certain subcompetencies.
Lecturer(s)
Frank VANDEDRINCK;
Trade group.
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